Recent Advances and Contradictions in the Study of the Individual Roles of Ubiquitin Ligases That Regulate RIG-I-Like Receptor-Mediated Antiviral Innate Immune Responses
RIG-I and MDA5 are cytoplasmic viral RNA sensors and are essential for antiviral innate immune responses, such as type I interferon production.Post-translational modification is critical for the activation and inactivation of RIG-I and MDA5.At least seven ubiquitin ligases have been reported to be involved in either K63- or K48-linked polyubiquitin